The study of word structure and formation is called morphology, and the meaningful parts of a word are known as morphemes. Most of the time in English they are represented by prefixes and/or suffixes. Other languages have infixes (insertion in the middle of a word) and circumfixes (added surrounding a word).
The word toys has two meaningful parts, toy and -s. The -s in this case denotes "plural", modifying the root word toy.
In contrast, the word orange has just one meaningful element (the word orange itself). It would not make sense to break it down further into, say, o + range.
There are 2 kinds of morphemes: free and bound.
Free morphemes can stand alone and have meaning independently.
Bound morphemes must be attached to a free morpheme, they cannot be used by themselves! For instance, you can't just go around saying "-s" to mean "plural".
What is the purpose of morphemes?
Morphemes can derive other words by changing their part of speech. The suffix -ful turns a noun into an adjective. The suffix -ly changes an adjective into an adverb.
Morphemes can also change the meaning of a word, like the prefix un- to mean not. The suffix -ed often represents the past tense when attached to a verb. Obviously, there are exceptions in the case of irregular verbs. The suffix -s can represent either plural when attached to a noun, or denotes third person singular when attached to a verb.
Friday, September 07, 2007
The meaningful elements of a word
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246 comments:
... so when George W calls the internet the internets - its wrong? j/k
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Great site. I love breaking words down into pieces. It helps a lot when learning a third or fourth language and you can see the pieces from multiple languages.
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don't think it's a good word as it lead to double meaning
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The significant elements of a word are more complex in Spanish than in English.
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The morpheme is also the smallest linguistic unit that has semantic meaning, so it can be subtle but still very important.
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this stuff is interesting...never though of it this way
Morphemes...umm interesting stuff. It's always fun knowing about languages and it also tells us that no matter how much you know, it's never enough. Each subject is a never-ending pool.
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Morphemes can derive other words by changing their part of speech. The suffix -ful turns a noun into an adjective.
I see that Blackwells in Oxford appear to have plenty as well so no hanging around if you are int hat area...go get
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The meaningful element word is very useful in expressing your thoughts in a different word phrases and arrangements.
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... so when George W calls the internet the internets - its wrong? j/k
neet article and blog, I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here! Keep up the good work.
I'm actually not sure if internets would be wrong or right. It says it's spelled wrong for me, but it would seem like internets would be proper since the internet is not just one net
I don't think internet is ever used plural that I can ever remember lol
Never heard of it being used plural anyway.
It's not plural, it's singular.
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A suffix (n, from Latin suffixum, "On-plugged ") is a word attached to a derivation or suffixes (eg-ung,-chen, unit). Technical language, it is an affix, which is a Grundmorphem (stem) attached. Affix as it is a bound, not lexical morpheme. It serves as the inflectional suffixes of inflection or derivational word formation of a basic word by derivation (derivation).
Co-hyponyms of suffixes are prefix, infix and Zirkumfix. Affixes form for all these the generic term.
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The significant elements of a word are certainly more complex in Spanish than in English.
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This has left me trying to think of an example (in english) of a free morphene. Any takers?
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Are there more meaningful elements available or not?
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Each word always has more than one meaning. When we add/remove even a single character there, the meaning o that word is changed.
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Nice entry! It almost read like an extended etymology of these words.
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